Case 3200019/2020 · Employment Tribunal
Mr S Hussain v Carbon Clean Ltd — 2021
- Case reference
- 3200019/2020
- Decision date
- 12 September 2021
- Jurisdiction
- England & Wales
- Judge
- Employment Judge Reid Representation
- Venue
- East London Hearing Centre
Parties
2 namedClaimant
Mr S Hussain
Respondent
Key findings
Tribunal's reasoningMr Hussain worked for Carbon Clean Ltd from 5 April 2019 to 18 November 2019. He claimed notice pay, holiday pay, outstanding salary, and commission. The tribunal noted that this was not an unfair dismissal claim because he did not have sufficient service. It heard evidence about a 26 March 2019 meeting on commission, later written commission terms issued in July 2019, and a 23 October 2019 meeting about his role and salary.
On commission, the tribunal found that the March 2019 discussion did not agree a term that he would receive £150 per machine sold. It accepted the respondent's evidence that the discussion was about a target-based commission structure, with lower commission for demonstration sales, and found the contemporaneous notes consistent with that account. The tribunal also relied on the fact that the claimant did not raise a complaint about a £150-per-machine term when the written commission information was later issued in July 2019, or while he continued working and making sales.
On the role and salary change, the tribunal found that the claimant agreed the reduction from £30,000 to £20,000 and the corresponding change in role at the 23 October 2019 meeting. It found there was no requirement in the contract for a variation to be signed in writing, and in any event held that he waived any breach by continuing to work without protest until he resigned. For the resignation, the tribunal found the 18 November 2019 email was a resignation on notice to the end of November 2019, but that he was not prepared to work normally during the notice period. The respondent was therefore entitled to dismiss him without notice when he refused to work out that notice.
The salary and holiday pay claims also failed. The tribunal found the respondent had paid November 2019 salary up to the termination date at the correct reduced contractual rate, and had paid accrued holiday pay at the correct reduced rate. No remedy was awarded.
Claims and outcomes
6 findings recorded| Claim type | Issue or finding | Outcome | Protected characteristic | Award |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Constructive dismissal | The tribunal found the 23 October 2019 salary and role reduction was agreed; alternatively, any breach was waived when the claimant continued working without protest until 18 November 2019. | Dismissed | — | — |
| Wrongful dismissal | The claimant's 18 November 2019 email was found to be a resignation on notice to the end of the month, but his refusal to work the notice period was a repudiatory breach entitling the respondent to dismiss him without notice. | Dismissed | — | — |
| Unlawful deduction from wages | The tribunal found November 2019 salary had been paid up to the termination date at the correct agreed reduced rate. | Dismissed | — | — |
| Holiday pay | The tribunal found accrued holiday pay had been paid at the correct agreed reduced salary rate. | Dismissed | — | — |
| Breach of contract | The tribunal found no contractual agreement for a commission of £150 per machine sold; it found a target-based commission structure with lower demonstration commission. | Dismissed | — | — |
| Unlawful deduction from wages | The commission claim also failed as an alternative unlawful deductions claim because the claimed commission term was not agreed. |
Legal tests applied
7 references- s.95(1)(c) ERA 1996
- Western Excavating v Sharp
- Wright v North Ayrshire Council
- Geys v Société Générale, London Branch
- s.13 ERA 1996
- Regulation 14 Working Time Regulations 1998
- Employment Tribunals Extension of Jurisdiction (England and Wales) Order 1994
Official outcome judgment PDF
Gov.uk primary recordThe official judgment PDF on gov.uk contains the tribunal's outcome, reasoning, and any remedy details. Where this page does not yet show extracted outcomes for every claim, use the PDF as the authoritative source.
Published on gov.uk under the Open Government Licence v3.0.
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